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Title: Goat Nutrient Requirements, Management Practices, and Production
Systems
Type: CSREES project
Project Number: OKLX-SAHLU
Period: 2007-20010
Investigators: T. Sahlu, A. L. Goetsch, R. Puchala, and S. P. Hart
Institution: Langston University
Objective:
- Study goat nutrient requirements, management practices, and production systems in order to increase the level and efficiency of goat productivity for increased profitability from goat production and lower costs to consumers of goat products.
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Title: Nutrient Requirements of Goats: Composition of Tissue Gain and Loss
Type:USDA 1890 Institution Research Capacity Building
Project Number:2003-38814-13923
Period:2003-2006
Investigators:T. Sahlu1, A. L. Goetsch1, C. L. Ferrell2, and C. R. Krehbiel3
Institution:1Langston University, 2USDA ARS Meat Animal Research Center, and 3Oklahoma State University
Objectives:
- Determine the composition of tissue gain by growing Boer crossbred and Spanish meat goats consuming different quality diets from weaning to 1 year of age.
- Determine the composition of tissue loss and gain by mature meat goats.
- Determine the composition of tissue loss and gain by lactating dairy goats.
- Develop equations to predict body composition of growing and mature meat goats and lactating dairy goats based on shrunk body weight and urea space.
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Title: Enhanced Goat Production Systems for the Southern United States
Type:USDA Initiative for Future Agriculture and Food Systems
Project Number:2011-52101-11430
Period:2001-2006
Investigators:T. A. Gipson1, A. L. Goetsch1, S. P. Hart1, L. J. Dawson2, Harvey Blackburn3, Stephan Wildeus4, Joseph Tritschler4, Jean-Marie Luginbuhl5, Matt Poore5, Marcos Fernandez6, Will Getz7, Tom Terrill7, Mack C.
Nelson8, and Ken Turner8
Institutions:1Langston University, 2Oklahoma State University, 3National Seed Storage
Lab Animal Germplasm, 4Virginia State University, 5North Carolina State University, 6Louisiana State University, 7Fort Valley State University, and 8USDA ARS Appalachian Farming Systems Research Center
Objectives:
- Develop a vehicle to appraise use of available resources and production conditions with goat production systems.
- Project most appropriate production systems for goat-producing regions based on compatibility with presently available resources and production conditions, and evaluate changes in resources or production conditions necessary for employment of alternative, preferred systems.
- Disseminate and provide training in use of the developed-decision support vehicle.
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Title: Decreased Methane Emission by Ruminants Consuming Condensed Tannins
Type:USDA 1890 Institution Research Capacity Building
Project Number:2004-38814-02606
Period:2004-2007
Investigators:R. Puchala1, A. L. Goetsch1, C. R. Krehbiel2, and V. H. Varel3
Institutions:1Langston University, 2Oklahoma State University, and 3USDA ARS Meat Animal Research Center
Objective:
- Determine effects of consuming different condensed tannin sources on the ruminal microflora and methane emission, digestibility, nitrogen and energy balance, and energy expenditure by goats.
- Determine effects of consuming diets with different levels of a forage containing condensed tannins on the ruminal microflora and methane emission, digestibility, nitrogen and energy balance, and energy expenditure by goats.
- Determine effects of different frequencies of consumption of a forage containing condensed tannins on the ruminal microflora and methane emission, digestibility, nitrogen and energy balance, and energy expenditure by goats.
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Title: Quality, Safety, and Shelf-Life of Dairy Goat Products in the U.S. Market
Type:USDA 1890 Institution Research Capacity Building
Project Number:2003-38814-02587
Period:2004-2008
Investigators:S. S. Zeng1, M. Perdue2 and S. E. Gilliland3
Institutions:1Langston University, 2USDA ARS Environmental Microbial Safety Laboratory, and 3Oklahoma State University
Objectives:
- Establish a comprehensive database of dairy goat product safety, quality and shelf-life on the store shelves.
- Identify the unique values such as CLA of dairy goat products.
- Develop and implement biological, biochemical and/or physical interventions to control undesirable microbes.
- Enhance the marketability and profitability of goat milk and dairy products by improving product microbiological and sensory quality, and by prolonging shelf-life of finished products.
- Assist store managers and personnel handling goat milk and dairy products by providing information and techniques to maximize product quality and shelf-life.
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Title: Evaluation and Modeling Extended Lactations in Dairy Goats
Type:USDA 1890 Institution Research Capacity Building
Project Number: 2003-38814-02579
Period: 2004-2008
Investigators: T. A. Gipson1, A. Capuco2, T. Sahlu1, L. J. Dawson2, and S. Ellis3
Institutions: 1Langston University, 2USDA ARS Gene Evaluation and Mapping Laboratory, and 3Clemson University Research Center
Objectives:
- Compare extended versus standard lactations with reference to milk, fat, and protein yield, reproduction and health issues.
- Mathematically model the lactation curve for extended lactations in dairy goats, with particular emphasis on the effect of extended lactations has upon the shape and scale of the lactation curve.
- Examine the physiological changes in the mammary gland over the course of an extended lactation.
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Title: Characterization of the Energy Requirement for Activity by Grazing Ruminants
Type: USDA 1890 Institution Research Capacity Building
Project Number: 2005-38814-16352
Period: 2005-2008
Investigators: T. Sahlu1, R. Puchala1, A. L. Goetsch1, T. A. Gipson1, K. E. Turner2, and B. Kouakou3
Institutions: 1Langston University, 2Applachian Farming Systems Research Center, and 3Fort Valley State University
Objectives:
- Develop and evaluate a system to predict the grazing activity energy cost for ruminants by determining effects of animal and dietary conditions on energy expenditure, metabolizable energy intake, the grazing activity energy cost, grazing and walking times, and horizontal and vertical distances traveled.
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Title: The Ability of Goats to Withstand Harsh Nutritional Environments
Type: USDA 1890 Institution Research Capacity Building
Project Number: 2005-38814-16353
Period: 2005-2008
Investigators: A. L. Goetsch1, R. Puchala1, T. Sahlu1, and H. C. Freetly2
Institutions: 1Langston University and 2USDA ARS Meat Animal Research Center
Objectives:
- Determine if there are differences between goats and sheep and between meat goat species of the US in the ability to utilize diets with limited supplies of nitrogen and energy and to characterize the physiological bases of any such differences.
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Title: International Collaboration in Goat Research and Production Web-Based Decision Support Aids
Type: USDA International Science and Education Competitive Grants Program
Project Number: 2005-51160-02281
Period: 2005-2009
Investigators: A. L. Goetsch and T. A. Gipson
Institutions: Langston University
Goal:
- Facilitate future collaborative research between the American Institute for Goat Research (AIGR) and institutions in Arabic-, Chinese-, French-, and Spanish-speaking countries, as well as to gain knowledge of goat research and production practices in other areas of the world.
Objectives:
- Translate and adapt two web-based goat production and research decision-support tools developed at the AIGR (goat nutrient requirements and feed intake; goat production system simulation model) for use and future collaborative research in the Middle East, China, France and other French-speaking countries, and Central and South America.
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Title: Energy Expenditure for Activity in Free-Ranging Ruminants: A Nutritional Frontier
Type: United States – Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund
Project Number: US-3694-05 R
Period: 2005-2008
Investigators: A. L. Goetsch1, Y. Aharoni2, A. Brosh2, R. Puchala1, T. A. Gipson1, Z. Henkin3, and E. Ungar4
Institutions: 1Langston University, 2Newe Ya’ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, 3MIGAL-Galilee Technology Center, and 4Agronomy and Natural Resources, Agricultural Research Organization
Objectives:
- Develop and evaluate a system(s) to predict the grazing activity energy cost of ruminants by determining effects of stocking rate (influencing available forage mass and forage quality) and animal production state and season (affecting energy demand) on energy expenditure, metabolizable energy intake, energy expended in grazing activity, grazing and walking times, horizontal and vertical distances traveled, and diet quality with grazing females of two breeds of cattle and goats.
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Title: Effects of Acclimatization on Energy Requirements of Goats
Type: United States – Egypt Joint Science and Technology Fund Program
Project Number: BIO9-017
Period: 2005-2008
Investigators: A. L. Goetsch1 and H. El Shaer2
Institutions: 1Langston University and 2Desert Research Center
Objectives:
- Develop a means of adjusting the maintenance energy requirement of goats for acclimatization.
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Title: The Grazing Activity Energy Cost of Goats
Type: United States – Egypt Joint Science and Technology Fund Program
Project Number: BIO11-001-005
Period: 2007-2009
Investigators: A. L. Goetsch1, R. Puchala1, T. A. Gipson1, H. El Shaer2, and A. Helal2
Institutions: 1Langston University and 2Desert Research Center
Objectives:
- Determine the magnitude of the grazing activity energy cost of goats under different common production settings in an arid region of Egypt and in the south-central U.S.
- Develop simple means of predicting the grazing activity energy cost of goats based on factors relatively easily estimable by farmers.
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Title: Impact of Sub-Clinical Mastitis on Production and Quality of Goat Milk and Cheese
Type: USDA 1890 Institution Research Capacity Building
Project Number: 2007-38814-18474
Period: 2007-2010
Investigators: S. S. Zeng1, D. Bannerman2, and L. Spicer3
Institutions: 1Langston University, 2USDA ARS Bovine Functional Genomics Laboratory, and 3Oklahoma State University
Objectives:
- Assess prevalence of subclinical mastitis in dairy goats during a year-round lactation in Oklahoma.
- Quantify and qualify losses in milk yield and cheese production associated with subclinical mastitis.
- Test the impact of major types of CNS bacteria species causing IMI (S. epidermidis, S. simulans, S. caprae, and S. chromogenes) on the inflammatory response in milk and to relate it to caseinolysis, coagulation properties, and cheese yield.
- Study the mechanism by which CNS affects caseinolysis and in turn the coagulation properties.
- Investigate changes in PL and SCC of milk caused by subclinical mastitis and their effects on milk coagulation, and cheese yield and texture.
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Title: Goat Nutrient Requirements, Management Practices, and Production
Systems
Type: CSREES project
Project Number: OKLX-SAHLU
Period: 2001-2006
Investigators: T. Sahlu, A. L. Goetsch, R. Puchala, and S. P. Hart
Institution: Langston University
Objective:
- Study goat nutrient requirements, management practices, and production systems in order to increase the level and efficiency of goat productivity for increased profitability from goat production and lower costs to consumers of goat products.
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Title: Tethering for Detailed Study of Grazing Ruminants
Type:USDA-CSREES-NRI 03-03289
Project Number:OKLX-GOETSCH
Period: 2003-2005
Investigators: A. L. Goetsch1, R. Puchala1, T. Sahlu1, and C. R. Krehbiel2
Institutions: 1Langston University and 2Oklahoma State University
Objectives:
- Validate use of tethering to study responses of meat goats to grazing conditions by investigating effects of grazing unrestrained versus tethered on grazing behavior, energy expenditure, forage intake, and composition of forage selected by meat goats on pastures with low and high forage quality and available mass.
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Title: Use of Goats for Sustainable Vegetation Management in US Grazing
Lands
Type: USDA Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education
Project Number: LS01-119
Period: 2001-2004
Investigators: A. L. Goetsch, S. P. Hart, T. A. Gipson, and R. C. Merkel
Institution: Langston University
Collaborators: Caddo Nation, Cherokee Nation, Choctaw Nation, Greater Seminole
Nation, Osage Nation, and Sac and Fox Nation
Objectives:
- Increase appropriate employment of goats in sustainable vegetation management in grazing lands of the south-central US, with particular emphasis on Native American Nation tribal lands or lands of tribal members.
- Investigate effects of various goat management methods for vegetation rehabilitation/control in different grazing land settings in the south-central US.
- Demonstrate and display appropriate means of vegetation management with goats, as well as to provide education in other related management areas.
- Develop an information package on optimal use of goats for grazing land vegetation management to ensure long-term, sustainable, and widespread project impact.
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Title: Energy for the Productive Caprine
Type: USDA 1890 Institution Research Capacity Building
Project Number: OKLX0003833
Period: 2000-2003
Investigators: T. Sahlu1, A. L. Goetsch1, H. C. Freetly2, and G. E. Carstens3
Institutions: 1Langston University, 2USDA ARS Meat Animal Research Center, and 3Texas A&M University
Objective:
- Determine key energy requirements for different classes of goats reared in the US (maintenance energy requirements; energy costs for live weight gain or growth; energy use in gestation with different litter sizes; energy required for lactation; energy demands for mohair fiber growth).
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Title: Diet Selection and Performance by Sheep and Goats Grazing Mixed
Pastures
Type: USDA 1890 Institution Research Capacity Building
Project Number: OKLX-0003832
Period: 2000-2003
Investigators: A. L. Goetsch1, G. E. Aiken2, T. Sahlu1, and M. Powell3
Institutions:1Langston University, 2USDA ARS Dale Bumpers Small Farms Research
Center, and 3Winrock International
Objectives:
- Evaluate stocking rate effects on pastures that contain various forbs and grasses being co-grazed by goats and sheep.
- Measure growth performance of kids and lambs on pastures containing a complex mixture of grasses and forbs, and pastures that are alley cropped with mimosa.
- Determine the quality and productivity of mimosa as browse in pastures co-grazed with goats and sheep.
- Study the interaction between stocking rate and time in affecting the quantity and quality of major botanical components, animal weight gain, and diet selectivity.
- Determine the most suitable stocking rate that provides the highest gain per unit land area with the least amount of change in botanical composition.
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Title: Metabolic Changes Affecting Utilization of Poor Quality Diets by Goats
Type: USDA 1890 Institution Research Capacity Building
Project Number: OKLX-1999-04159
Period: 1999-2003
Investigators: R. Puchala1, A. L. Goetsch1, S. W. Coleman2, and T. Sahlu1
Institutions: 1Langston University and 2USDA ARS Grazinglands Research Laboratory
Objective:
- Determine influences of supplementation of poor-quality forage diets with rumen-protected betaine on energy and nitrogen metabolism in goats.
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Title: Quality Characteristics and Yield Predictive Models of Goat Milk Cheeses
Type: USDA 1890 Institution Research Capacity Building
Project Number: OKLX-1999-04114
Period: 1999-2003
Investigators: S. S. Zeng1, E. N. Escobar1, D. L. Van Hekken2, and S. E. Gilliland3
Institutions:1Langston University, 2USDA ARS Dairy Products Research Unit, and 3Oklahoma State University
Objectives:
- Determine the effects of milk composition and somatic cell counts on the quality and yield of goat cheese and develop yield predictive models for goat cheeses.
- Characterize different goat cheeses in terms of composition, microstructure, rheological properties, protein profiles, and sensory characteristics as affected by seasonal variations of milk composition and property changes during cheese storage.
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Title: Sustainable Dairy Goat Milk Production from Forages
Type: USDA 1890 Institution Research Capacity Building
Project Number: OKLX-1999-04146
Period: 1999-2003
Investigators: S. P. Hart1, T. Sahlu1, and L. D. Satter2
Institutions:1Langston University and 2Dairy Forage Research Center
Objectives:
- Study milk production, composition, animal health, and inputs for a grass-based dairy system as compared with a conventional confinement dairy.
- Determine the response in milk production of grass-based dairy goats to different levels of concentration supplementation.
- Model the effect of forage intake and concentrate supplementation on milk production and changes in body weight.
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Title: Nutrient Requirements of Goats: An Update and Reevaluation
Type: USDA 1890 Institution Research Capacity Building
Project Number: OKLX-9803092
Period: 1998-2003
Investigators: A. L. Goetsch1, T. Sahlu1, M. L. Galyean2, C. L. Ferrell3, F. N. Owens4, and Z. B. Johnson5
Institutions: 1Langston University, 2Texas Tech University, 3USDA ARS Meat Animal Research Center, 4Pioneer Hi-Bred International, and 5University of Arkansas
Objective:
- Develop a database of available data from publications on goat feeding and nutrition to develop accurate expressions of energy and protein requirements of goats.
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