| Temperature, rectal | 103 – 104° F (39 – 40° C) |
| Heart rate | 70 – 90 beats per minute |
| Respiration | 12 – 20 per minute |
| Rumen movements | 1 – 2 per minute |
| Puberty | 4 – 10 months |
| Estrous cycle | 21 days |
| Estrus (standing heat) | 12 – 48 hours |
| Gestation | 150 days |
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